Friday 22 February 2013

2.47 understand the biological consequences of smoking in relation to the lungs and the circulatory system, including coronary heart disease

Tar can cause cancerous mutations in the lungs.
Smoke removes the cilia- tiny hairs- which keep the lungs clean.
Smoking also hardens the arteries, constricting the blood flow and putting strain on the heart, resulting in coronary heart disease.

24 comments:

  1. This comment has been removed by the author.

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  2. My brother used this in 2014 and now im using it for my Gcse's too! this blog is so helpful and the amount of people you've helped is unbelievable, You're flawless! You're dearly thanked.

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    1. Dan thank you so much for your comment it's really lovely! I'm glad you and your bro like it haha. I hope your exams went well :))

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  3. it's incredible how you've done this. you're absolutely amazing! thank you ever so much xxxxxx

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    1. Thank you Afnan haha, it's a pleasure to help you :)

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  4. Thank you so much for making this , but this information is still not enough if you are aiming at a high marks.

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  5. What did you get for your GCSE's? Thanks for the help!

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  6. its so good an is so easy to make my notes!

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  7. Removal of cilia is bronchitis and emphysema is another problem with smoking this is where the alveoli loss the folds in the lining reducing surface area so less diffusion can occur causing breathing difficulties

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  8. Biological Consequences of Smoking:

    Alveoli walls are damaged, reducing surface area for gas exchange and leading to diseases like emphysema

    The tar in cigarettes damages the cilia in the lungs & trachea. They’re supposed to catch dust and bacteria before it reaches the lungs, and when they are damaged, chest infections become more likely.

    Tar irritates the bronchi & bronchioles, encouraging mucus to be produced which can’t be swept away by damaged cilia. This causes smoker’s cough and chronic bronchitis.

    The carbon monoxide in cigarette smoke reduces the amount of oxygen the blood can carry. To make up for this, heart rate increases - leading to increased blood pressure. High pressure damages artery walls, making formation of blood clots more likely. This increases risk of coronary heart disease (heart attacks).

    Tobacco smoke also contains carcinogens - chemicals that lead to cancer.

    Thought I'd just add these notes for anyone who needs extra :) Please check out my blog for some light relief!

    https://singingintherain.wordpress.com

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  9. maybe add a bit of info about emphysema?
    great blog though!

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  10. Smoking also increases the risk of atherosclerosis (the build up fatty substances and cholestral) increasing the risk of coronary heart disease

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  11. You can use below specified natural solutions for treating the issue of emphysema. It is prudent to counsel a medicinal expert before utilizing any herb for Emphysema Herbal Treatment.

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  12. -Damages alveoli-reduces surface area
    -Damages cilia in lungs and trachea making yourself more prone to chest infections
    -Irritates bronchi encouraging mucus
    -Carbon monoxide in cigarette smoke reduces the amount of oxygen the blood can carry
    -Heart rate increases to pump enough oxygen around the body
    -High blood pressure damages artery walls
    -Making the formation of blood clots more likely. Increasing the risk of coronary heart disease.
    - Tobacco smoke also contains carcinogens – chemicals which can cause cancer


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  13. Hannah this is such a useful website and both myself and friends all use it to help with the syllabus!! You're a star!!

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  14. the smoke doesnt remove the cilia, it only defunctions them

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  15. more at

    http://igcse-biology-notes.blogspot.hk/2017/06/247-understand-biological-consequences.html

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  17. I probably get more inquiries from athletes with bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) than any other single heart problem.

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  18. Is this answer trustworthy as I have a feeling that this website is incorrect and is trying to make people fail GCSE?

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